Qin 秦 dynasty

The Qin dynasty is one of the most formative dynasties in Chinese history as it founded the Chinese Empire with Emperor Qin Shi Huangdi 秦始皇 帝 (259-210 BC).

Numerous achievements emerged from it, such as the standardization of writing and measurements (weight and coins), the construction of streets, walls and palaces and a strict legal system which was based on legislation. At the same time, it represents the end of Chinese antiquity. The feudal system was abolished and officials were appointed to administer the empire. The rulers of the Qin dynasty on the one hand encouraged agriculture while on the other hand punished trade activities.

Emperor Huangdi is well-known for his unique tomb, which includes the terracotta army in Xi'an 西安. The reign of the 2nd Emperor of the Qin dynasty was based on cruelty, causing uprisings.

In the end, the Qin dynasty surrendered to Liu Bang 刘邦 (256-195 BC). Liu Bang prevailed against his colleagues and was proclaimed the emperor of the Han dynasty in 206 BC.